AUGMENTIN
AMOXICILLIN AND CLAVULANATE POTASSIUM
Manufacturer: Allegis Holdings, LLC
Clinical information
Indications & Usage
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE AUGMENTIN is indicated for the treatment of infections in adults and pediatric patients, due to susceptible isolates of the designated bacteria in the conditions listed below: Lower Respiratory Tract Infections - caused by beta‑lactamase–producing isolates of Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis . Acute Bacterial Otitis Media - caused by beta‑lactamase–producing isolates of H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis . Sinusitis - caused by beta‑lactamase–producing isolates of H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis . Skin and Skin Structure Infections - caused by beta‑lactamase–producing isolates of Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli , and Klebsiella species. Urinary Tract Infections - caused by beta‑lactamase–producing isolates of E. coli , Klebsiella species, and Enterobacter species. AUGMENTIN is a combination of amoxicillin, a penicillin-class antibacterial and clavulanate potassium, a beta‑lactamase inhibitor indicated for treatment of the following infections in adults and pediatric patients: ( 1 ) Lower respiratory tract infections Acute bacterial otitis media Sinusitis Skin and skin structure infections Urinary tract infections Limitations of Use When susceptibility test results show susceptibility to amoxicillin, indicating no beta-lactamase production, AUGMENTIN should not be used. ( 1 ) Usage To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of AUGMENTIN and other antibacterial drugs, AUGMENTIN should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by bacteria. ( 1 ) Limitations of Use When susceptibility test results show susceptibility to amoxicillin, indicating no beta-lactamase production, AUGMENTIN should not be used. Usage To reduce the development of drug‑resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of AUGMENTIN and other antibacterial drugs, AUGMENTIN should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria. When culture and susceptibility information are available, they should be considered in selecting or modifying antibacterial therapy. In the absence of such data, local epidemiology and susceptibility patterns may contribute to the empiric selection of therapy.
Dosage & Administration
2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Adults and Pediatric Patients greater than 40 kg: 500 or 875 mg every 12 hours or 250 or 500 mg every 8 hours, based on the amoxicillin component. ( 2.2 , 2.3 ) Pediatric patients aged 12 weeks (3 months) and older: 25 to 45 mg/kg/day every 12 hours or 20 to 40 mg/kg/day every 8 hours, up to the adult dose. ( 2.3 ) Neonates and infants less than 12 weeks of age: 30 mg/kg/day divided every 12 hours, based on the amoxicillin component. Use of the 125 mg/5 mL oral suspension is recommended. ( 2.3 ) 2.1 Important Administration Instructions AUGMENTIN may be taken without regard to meals; however, absorption of clavulanate potassium is enhanced when AUGMENTIN is administered at the start of a meal. To minimize the potential for gastrointestinal intolerance, AUGMENTIN should be taken at the start of a meal. 2.2 Adult Patients See dosing regimens of AUGMENTIN (based on the amoxicillin component) provided in Table 1 below. Table 1. Dosing Regimens of AUGMENTIN in Adult Patients TYPE OF INFECTION DOSING REGIMEN OF Amoxicillin and Clavulanate Potassium Severe infections and infections of the respiratory tract one 875 mg tablet a of AUGMENTIN every 12 hours or one 500 mg tablet b,c of AUGMENTIN every 8 hours Less severe infections one 500 mg tablet b,c of AUGMENTIN every 12 hours or one 250 mg tablet d of AUGMENTIN every 8 hours a Adults who have difficulty swallowing may be given the AUGMENTIN 200 mg/28.5 mg per 5 mL suspension or the AUGMENTIN 400 mg/57 mg per 5 mL suspension may be used in place of the 875 mg/125 mg tablet. b Adults who have difficulty swallowing may be given the AUGMENTIN 125 mg/31.25 mg per 5 mL or AUGMENTIN 250 mg/62.5 mg per 5 mL suspension in place of the 500 mg/125 mg tablet. c Two AUGMENTIN 250 mg/125 mg tablets are NOT substitutable with one 500 mg/125 mg AUGMENTIN tablet [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.6 )] . d AUGMENTIN 250 mg/125 mg tablet is NOT substitutable with AUGMENTIN 250 mg/62.5 mg chewable tablet [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.6 )] 2.3 Pediatric Patients Based on the amoxicillin component, AUGMENTIN should be dosed as follows: Neonates and Infants Aged less than 12 weeks (less than 3 months) : See dosing regimens of AUGMENTIN provided in Table 2 below. Table 2: Dosing Regimens of AUGMENTIN in Neonates and Infants Aged Less than 12 Weeks (Less than 3 Months) PATIENT POPULATION DOSING REGIMEN AUGMENTIN 125 mg/31.25 mg per 5 mL for oral suspension a Neonates and Infants aged less than 12 weeks (less than 3 months) 30 mg/kg/day every 12 hours a Experience with the AUGMENTIN 200 mg/28.5 mg per 5 mL formulation in this age group is limited, and thus, use of the AUGMENTIN 125 mg/31.25 mg per 5 mL for oral suspension is recommended. Patients Aged 12 weeks (3 months) and Older and Weighing Less than 40 kg: See dosing regimens provided in Table 3 below. The every 12 hour regimen is recommended as it is associated with significantly less diarrhea [see Clinical Studies ( 14.2)] . The Amoxicillin and Clavulanate Potassium 200 mg/28.5 mg per 5 mL and Amoxicillin and Clavulanate Potassium 400 mg/57 mg per 5 mL) for oral suspension and Amoxicillin and Clavulanate Potassium 200 mg/28.5 mg and Amoxicillin and Clavulanate Potassium 400 mg/57 mg chewable tablets contain aspartame and should not be used by phenylketonurics. [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.8)]. Table 3: Dosing in Patients Aged 12 Weeks (3 Months) and Older and Weighing Less than 40 kg Table Patients Weighing 40 kg or More : Pediatric patients weighing 40 kg or more should be dosed according to adult recommendations. The 250 mg/125 mg tablet of AUGMENTIN should NOT be used until the child weighs at least 40 kg, due to the different amoxicillin to clavulanic acid ratios in the 250 mg/125 mg tablet of AUGMENTIN versus the 250 mg/62.5 mg chewable tablet of AUGMENTIN. 2.4 Patients with Renal Impairment Patients with impaired renal function do not generally require a reduction in dose unless the impairment is severe. Renal impairment patients with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of less than 30 mL/min should NOT receive the 875 mg dose (based on the amoxicillin component) of AUGMENTIN. See dosing regimens in patients with severe renal impairment provided in Table 4. Table 4. Dosing Regimens of AUGMENTIN in Patients with Severe Renal Impairment Patients with Renal Impairment Dosing Regimen GFR 10 mL/min to 30 mL/min 500 mg or 250 mg every 12 hours, depending on the severity of the infection GFR less than 10 mL/min 500 mg or 250 mg every 24 hours, depending on severity of the infection Hemodialysis 500 mg or 250 mg every 24 hours, depending on severity of the infection Administer an additional dose both during and at the end of dialysis 2.5 Directions for Mixing Amoxicillin and Clavulanate Potassium for Oral Suspension Prepare AUGMENTIN for oral suspension at time of dispensing as follows: Tap bottle until all powder flows freely. Measure a total (see Table 5 below for total amount of water for reconstitution) OF WATER. Add approximately 2/3 of the water to the powder. Replace cap and shake VIGOROUSLY. Add remaining water. Replace cap and shake VIGOROUSLY. Table 5: Amount of Water for Mixing AUGMENTIN for Oral Suspension Strength of AUGMENTIN Oral Suspension Bottle Size Amount of Water for Reconstitution Contents of Each Teaspoonful (5 mL) 125 mg/31.25 mg per 5 mL 75 mL 100 mL 150 mL 67 mL 90 mL 134 mL 125 mg of amoxicillin and 31.25 mg of clavulanic acid as the potassium salt 250 mg/62.5 mg per 5 mL 75 mL 100 mL 150 mL 65 mL 87 mL 130 mL 250 mg of amoxicillin and 62.5 mg of clavulanic acid as the potassium salt Shake oral suspension well before using. Reconstituted suspension must be stored under refrigeration and discarded after 10 days. Some color change is normal during dosing period. 2.6 Switching between Dosage Forms and between Strengths AUGMENTIN 250 mg/125 mg Tablet is NOT Substitutable with AUGMENTIN 250 mg/62.5 mg Chewable Tablet The 250 mg/125 mg tablet of AUGMENTIN and the 250 mg/62.5 mg chewable tablet of AUGMENTIN should NOT be substituted for each other and the 250 mg/125 mg tablet of AUGMENTIN should NOT be used in pediatric patients weighing less than 40 kg [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.3 )] . The 250 mg tablet of AUGMENTIN and the 250 mg chewable tablet of AUGMENTIN do not contain the same amount of clavulanic acid. The 250 mg tablet of AUGMENTIN contains 125 mg of clavulanic acid whereas the 250 mg chewable tablet of AUGMENTIN contains 62.5 mg of clavulanic acid. Two AUGMENTIN 250 mg/125 mg Tablets are NOT Substitutable with One 500 mg/125 mg AUGMENTIN Tablet Two 250 mg/125 mg tablets of AUGMENTIN should NOT be substituted for one 500 mg/125 mg tablet of AUGMENTIN. Since both the 250 mg and 500 mg tablets of AUGMNTIN contain the same amount of clavulanic acid (125 mg, as the potassium salt), two 250 mg tablets of AUGMENTIN are not equivalent to one 500 mg tablet of AUGMENTIN.
Contraindications
4 CONTRAINDICATIONS History of a serious hypersensitivity reaction (e.g., anaphylaxis or Stevens-Johnson syndrome) to AUGMENTIN or to other beta‑lactams (e.g., penicillins or cephalosporins). ( 4.1 ) History of cholestatic jaundice/hepatic dysfunction associated with AUGMENTIN. ( 4.2 ) 4.1 Serious Hypersensitivity Reactions AUGMENTIN is contraindicated in patients with a history of serious hypersensitivity reactions (e.g., anaphylaxis or Stevens-Johnson syndrome) to amoxicillin, clavulanate or to other beta‑lactam antibacterial drugs (e.g., penicillins and cephalosporins). 4.2 Cholestatic Jaundice/Hepatic Dysfunction AUGMENTIN is contraindicated in patients with a previous history of cholestatic jaundice/hepatic dysfunction associated with AUGMENTIN.
Safety
Adverse Reactions
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following are discussed in more detail in other sections of the labeling: Anaphylactic reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )] Drug-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrom (DIES) [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 )] Hepatic Dysfunction [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 ] Clostridioides difficile Associated Diarrhea (CDAD) [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 ] 5.4 The most frequently reported adverse effects were diarrhea/loose stools (9%), nausea (3%), skin rashes and urticaria (3%), vomiting (1%) and vaginitis (1%). ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Allegis Holdings, LLC at 1-866-633-9033 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch . 6.1 Clinical Trial Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. The most frequently reported adverse reactions were diarrhea/loose stools (9%), nausea (3%), skin rashes and urticaria (3%), vomiting (1%) and vaginitis (1%). Less than 3% of patients discontinued therapy because of drug‑related adverse reactions. The overall incidence of adverse reactions, and in particular diarrhea, increased with the higher recommended dose. Other less frequently reported adverse reactions (less than 1%) include: Abdominal discomfort, flatulence, and headache. In pediatric patients (aged 2 months to 12 years), 1 US/Canadian clinical trial was conducted which compared 45/6.4 mg/kg/day (divided every 12 hours) of Amoxicillin and Clavulanate Potassium for 10 days versus 40/10 mg/kg/day (divided every 8 hours) of Amoxicillin and Clavulanate Potassium for 10 days in the treatment of acute otitis media. A total of 575 patients were enrolled, and only the suspension formulations were used in this trial. Overall, the adverse reactions seen were comparable to that noted above; however, there were differences in the rates of diarrhea, skin rashes/urticaria, and diaper area rashes. [see Clinical Studies ( 14.2 )] . 6.2 Postmarketing Experience In addition to adverse reactions reported from clinical trials, the following have been identified during postmarketing use of AUGMENTIN. Because they are reported voluntarily from a population of unknown size, estimates of frequency cannot be made. These events have been chosen for inclusion due to a combination of their seriousness, frequency of reporting, or potential causal connection to Amoxicillin and Clavulanate Potassium. Gastrointestinal: Drug-induced enterocolitis syndrome (DIES), indigestion, gastritis, stomatitis, glossitis, black “hairy” tongue, mucocutaneous candidiasis, enterocolitis, and hemorrhagic/pseudomembranous colitis. Onset of pseudomembranous colitis symptoms may occur during or after antibacterial treatment. [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 ] . Immune: Hypersensitivity reactions, anaphylactic/anaphylactoid reactions (including shock), angioedema, serum sickness-like reactions (urticaria or skin rash accompanied by arthritis, arthralgia, myalgia, and frequently fever), hypersensitivity vasculitis [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] . Skin and Appendages: Rashes, pruritus, urticaria, erythema multiforme, SJS, TEN, DRESS, AGEP, exfoliative dermatitis , and linear IgA dermatosis. Liver: Hepatic dysfunction, including hepatitis and cholestatic jaundice, increases in serum transaminases (AST and/or ALT), serum bilirubin, and/or alkaline phosphatase, has been reported with Amoxicillin and Clavulanate Potassium. It has been reported more commonly in the elderly, in males, or in patients on prolonged treatment. The histologic findings on liver biopsy have consisted of predominantly cholestatic, hepatocellular, or mixed cholestatic hepatocellular changes. The onset of signs/symptoms of hepatic dysfunction may occur during or several weeks after therapy has been discontinued. The hepatic dysfunction, which may be severe, is usually reversible. Deaths have been reported [see Contraindications ( 4.2 ), Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 )] . Renal: Interstitial nephritis, hematuria, and crystalluria have been reported [see Overdosage ( 10 )] . Hemic and Lymphatic Systems: Anemia, including hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, thrombocytopenic purpura, eosinophilia, leukopenia, and agranulocytosis have been reported. These reactions are usually reversible on discontinuation of therapy and are believed to be hypersensitivity phenomena. Thrombocytosis was noted in less than 1% of the patients treated with AUGMENTIN. There have been reports of increased prothrombin time in patients receiving AUGMENTIN and anticoagulant therapy concomitantly [see Drug Interactions ( 7.2 )] . Central Nervous System: Agitation, anxiety, behavioral changes, aseptic meningitis, confusion, convulsions, dizziness, insomnia, and reversible hyperactivity have been reported. Miscellaneous: Tooth discoloration (brown, yellow, or gray staining) has been reported. Most reports occurred in pediatric patients. Discoloration was reduced or eliminated with brushing or dental cleaning in most cases.
Drug Interactions
7 DRUG INTERACTIONS Co‑administration with probenecid is not recommended. ( 7.1 ) Concomitant use of AUGMENTIN and oral anticoagulants may increase the prolongation of prothrombin time.( 7.2 ) Co-administration with allopurinol increases the risk of rash. ( 7.3 ) AUGMENTIN may reduce efficacy of oral contraceptives. ( 7.4 ) 7.1 Probenecid Probenecid decreases the renal tubular secretion of amoxicillin but does not delay renal excretion of clavulanic acid. Concurrent use with AUGMENTIN may result in increased and prolonged blood concentrations of amoxicillin. Co-administration of probenecid is not recommended. 7.2 Oral Anticoagulants Abnormal prolongation of prothrombin time (increased international normalized ratio [INR]) has been reported in patients receiving amoxicillin and oral anticoagulants. Appropriate monitoring should be undertaken when anticoagulants are prescribed concurrently with AUGMENTIN. Adjustments in the dose of oral anticoagulants may be necessary to maintain the desired level of anticoagulation. 7.3 Allopurinol The concurrent administration of allopurinol and amoxicillin increases the incidence of rashes in patients receiving both drugs as compared to patients receiving amoxicillin alone. It is not known whether this potentiation of amoxicillin rashes is due to allopurinol or the hyperuricemia present in these patients. 7.4 Oral Contraceptives AUGMENTIN may affect intestinal flora, leading to lower estrogen reabsorption and reduced efficacy of combined oral estrogen/progesterone contraceptives. 7.5 Effects on Laboratory Tests High urine concentrations of amoxicillin may result in false-positive reactions when testing for the presence of glucose in urine using CLINITEST ® , Benedict's Solution, or Fehling's Solution. Since this effect may also occur with AUGMENTIN, it is recommended that glucose tests based on enzymatic glucose oxidase reactions be used. Following administration of amoxicillin to pregnant women, a transient decrease in plasma concentration of total conjugated estriol, estriol-glucuronide, conjugated estrone, and estradiol has been noted.
Additional information
Description
11 DESCRIPTION AUGMENTIN is an oral antibacterial combination consisting of amoxicillin and the beta‑lactamase inhibitor, clavulanate potassium (the potassium salt of clavulanic acid). Amoxicillin is an analog of ampicillin, derived from the basic penicillin nucleus, 6‑aminopenicillanic acid. The amoxicillin molecular formula is C 16 H 19 N 3 O 5 S•3H 2 O, and the molecular weight is 419.46. Chemically, amoxicillin is (2 S ,5 R ,6 R )-6-[( R )-(-)-2-Amino-2-( p -hydroxyphenyl)acetamido]-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid trihydrate and may be represented structurally as: Clavulanic acid is produced by the fermentation of Streptomyces clavuligerus . It is a beta-lactam structurally related to the penicillins and possesses the ability to inactivate some beta‑lactamases by blocking the active sites of these enzymes. The clavulanate potassium molecular formula is C 8 H 8 KNO 5 , and the molecular weight is 237.25. Chemically, clavulanate potassium is potassium ( Z )(2 R ,5 R )-3-(2-hydroxyethylidene)-7-oxo-4-oxa-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]-heptane-2-carboxylate and may be represented structurally as: AUGMENTIN for Oral Suspension: 125 mg/31.25 mg : Following constitution, each 5 mL of oral suspension contains 125 mg of amoxicillin as the trihydrate, and 31.25 mg of clavulanic acid (equivalent to 37.23 mg of clavulanate potassium). 250 mg/62.5 mg : Following constitution, each 5 mL of oral suspension contains 250 mg of amoxicillin as the trihydrate, and 62.5 mg of clavulanic acid (equivalent to 74.5 mg of clavulanate potassium). Inactive Ingredients: AUGMENTIN for Oral Suspension, 125 mg/31.5 mg per 5mL and 250 mg/62.5 mg per 5mL - Colloidal silicon dioxide, flavorings, xanthan gum, mannitol, succinic acid, silica gel and sodium saccharin. • Each 5 mL of reconstituted 125 mg/31.5 mg oral suspension of AUGMENTIN contains 0.16 mEq potassium • Each 5 mL of reconstituted 250 mg/62.5 mg oral suspension of AUGMENTIN contains 0.32 mEq potassium structure-amoxicillin structure-clav-acid
How Supplied
16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING AUGMENTIN for Oral Suspension, USP : 125 mg/31.25 mg per 5 mL : Banana-flavored powder for oral suspension, each 5 mL of reconstituted suspension contains 125 mg of amoxicillin as the trihydrate and 31.25 mg of clavulanic acid as the potassium salt (equivalent to 37.23 mg of clavulanate potassium). NDC71297-240-34 75 mL bottle NDC 71297-240-35 100 mL bottle NDC 71297-240-36 150 mL bottle Dispense in original container. Store dry powder at or below 25°C (77°F). Store reconstituted suspension under refrigeration. Discard unused suspension after 10 days. Keep out of the reach of children.
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is Augmentin used for?+
Augmentin is used to treat infections caused by susceptible bacteria in adults and pediatric patients. It is effective against a range of bacterial infections, including those affecting the skin, lungs, and urinary tract. Consult a doctor to determine if Augmentin is the right treatment for your specific infection.
How long does it take for Augmentin to start working?+
Augmentin starts working within a few hours of taking the first dose, but it may take several days to notice an improvement in symptoms. The length of time it takes for the medication to work can vary depending on the type and severity of the infection. Consult a doctor to discuss the expected treatment duration and any concerns you may have.
Can I take Augmentin if I have a history of allergies?+
If you have a history of allergies, particularly to penicillin or other antibiotics, you should exercise caution when taking Augmentin. Inform your doctor about any allergies or sensitivities before starting treatment, as they can help determine the best course of action. Consult a doctor to discuss your allergy history and potential risks associated with Augmentin.
What are the common side effects of Augmentin?+
Common side effects of Augmentin include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach pain. In some cases, more serious side effects can occur, such as allergic reactions or liver damage. Consult a doctor if you experience any side effects, as they can help manage symptoms and adjust treatment as needed.
Can I take Augmentin with other medications?+
Augmentin can interact with other medications, including blood thinners, birth control pills, and certain antibiotics. Inform your doctor about all medications you are currently taking, including supplements and over-the-counter medications, to minimize potential interactions. Consult a doctor to discuss potential interactions and ensure safe treatment.
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